乳糜泻

一项精心设计的随机临床试验表明，对于有乳糜泻家族史的儿童，母乳喂养或适时添加含麸质饮食均不会改变其患乳糜泻的风险。[61]Vriezinga SL, Auricchio R, Bravi E, et al. Randomized feeding intervention in infants at high risk for celiac disease. N Engl J Med. 2014 Oct 2;371(14):1304-15.http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1404172http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25271603?tool=bestpractice.com[62]Lionetti E, Castellaneta S, Francavilla R, et al. Introduction of gluten, HLA status, and the risk of celiac disease in children. N Engl J Med. 2014 Oct 2;371(14):1295-303.http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1400697http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25271602?tool=bestpractice.com[63]Pinto-Sánchez MI, Verdu EF, Liu E, et al. Gluten introduction to infant feeding and risk of celiac disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:132-43.http://www.jpeds.com/article/S0022-3476%2815%2901045-8/fulltexthttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26500108?tool=bestpractice.com

一项研究发现，接种了轮状病毒疫苗的乳糜泻易感婴儿在胃肠道感染后发生该疾病的风险低于未接种疫苗的婴儿。[206]Kemppainen KM, Lynch KF, Liu E, et al. Factors that increase risk of celiac disease autoimmunity after a gastrointestinal infection in early life. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 May;15(5):694-702.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5576726/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27840181?tool=bestpractice.com