参考文献
关键文献
Kortepeter MG, Bausch DG, Bray M. Basic clinical and laboratory features of filoviral hemorrhagic fever. J Infect Dis. 2011 Nov;204 Suppl 3:S810-6.
WHO Ebola Response Team. Ebola virus disease in West Africa: the first 9 months of the epidemic and forward projections. N Engl J Med. 2014 Oct 16;371(16):1481-95.
Hunt L, Gupta-Wright A, Simms V, et al. Clinical presentation, biochemical, and haematological parameters and their association with outcome in patients with Ebola virus disease: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015 Nov;15(11):1292-9.
Fowler RA, Fletcher T, Fischer WA 2nd, et al. Caring for critically ill patients with Ebola virus disease. Perspectives from West Africa. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014 Oct 1;190(7):733-7.
Lado M, Walker N, Baker P, et al. Clinical features of patients isolated for suspected Ebola virus disease at Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015 Sep;15(9):1024-33.
World Health Organization. Clinical management of patients with viral haemorrhagic fever: a pocket guide for the front-line health worker. Feb 2016 [internet publication].
World Health Organization. Interim guidance: potential Ebola therapies and vaccines. Nov 2014 [internet publication].
World Health Organization. Therapeutics for Ebola virus disease - Democratic Republic of the Congo. Aug 2022 [internet publication].
参考文献
1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About Ebola virus disease. May 2023 [internet publication].
2. World Health Organization. Ebola virus disease fact sheet. Apr 2023 [internet publication].
3. Kuhn JH, Andersen, KG, Baize, S, et al. Nomenclature- and database-compatible names for the two Ebola virus variants that emerged in Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2014. Viruses. 2014 Nov 24;6(11):4760-99.
4. Leroy EM, Gonzalez JP, Baize S. Ebola and Marburg haemorrhagic fever viruses: major scientific advances, but a relatively minor public health threat for Africa. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011 Jul;17(7):964-76.
5. Formenty P, Hatz C, Le Guenno B, et al. Human infection due to Ebola virus, subtype Côte d'Ivoire: clinical and biologic presentation. J Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;179 Suppl 1:S48-53.
6. Roddy P, Howard N, Van Kerkhove MD, et al. Clinical manifestations and case management of Ebola haemorrhagic fever caused by a newly identified virus strain, Bundibugyo, Uganda, 2007-2008. PLoS One. 2012 Dec 28;7(12):e52986.
8. Barrette RW, Metwally SA, Rowland JM, et al. Discovery of swine as a host for the Reston ebolavirus. Science. 2009 Jul 10;325(5937):204-6.
9. Karan LS, Makenov MT, Korneev MG, et al. Bombali virus in Mops condylurus bats, Guinea. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019 Sep;25(9):1774-5.
10. Goldstein T, Anthony SJ, Gbakima A, et al. The discovery of Bombali virus adds further support for bats as hosts of ebolaviruses. Nat Microbiol. 2018 Oct;3(10):1084-9.
11. Martell HJ, Masterson SG, McGreig JE, et al. Is the Bombali virus pathogenic in humans? Bioinformatics. 2019 Oct 1;35(19):3553-8.
12. Swanepoel R, Smit SB, Rollin PE, et al. Studies of reservoir hosts for Marburg virus. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Dec;13(12):1847-51.
13. McElroy AK, Erickson BR, Flietstra TD, et al. Ebola hemorrhagic fever: novel biomarker correlates of clinical outcome. J Infect Dis. 2014 Aug 15;210(4):558-66.
14. Mahanty S, Bray M. Pathogenesis of filoviral haemorrhagic fevers. Lancet Infect Dis. 2004 Aug;4(8):487-98.
15. Yan T, Mu J, Qin E, et al. Clinical characteristics of 154 patients suspected of having Ebola disease in the Ebola holding centre of Jui government hospital in Sierra Leone during the 2014 Ebola outbreak. Eur J Microbiol Infect Dis. 2015 Oct;34(10):2089-95.
16. Kortepeter MG, Bausch DG, Bray M. Basic clinical and laboratory features of filoviral hemorrhagic fever. J Infect Dis. 2011 Nov;204 Suppl 3:S810-6.
17. Bwaka MA, Bonnet MJ, Calain P, et al. Ebola hemorrhagic fever in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo: clinical observations in 103 patients. J Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;179 Suppl 1:S1-7.
18. WHO Ebola Response Team. Ebola virus disease in West Africa: the first 9 months of the epidemic and forward projections. N Engl J Med. 2014 Oct 16;371(16):1481-95.
19. Dallatomasinas S, Crestani R, Squire JS, et al. Ebola outbreak in rural West Africa: epidemiology, clinical features and outcomes. Trop Med Int Health. 2015 Apr;20(4):448-54.
20. Bah EI, Lamah MC, Fletcher T, et al. Clinical presentation of patients with Ebola virus disease in Conakry, Guinea. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jan 1;372(1):40-7.
21. Chertow DS, Kleine C, Edwards JK, et al. Ebola virus disease in West Africa - clinical manifestations and management. N Engl J Med. 2014 Nov 27;371(22):2054-7.
22. Schieffelin JS, Shaffer JG, Goba A, et al; KGH Lassa Fever Program; Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Consortium; WHO Clinical Response Team. Clinical illness and outcomes in patients with Ebola in Sierra Leone. N Engl J Med. 2014 Nov 27;371(22):2092-100.
23. Nkoghe D, Leroy EM, Toung-Mve M, et al. Cutaneous manifestations of filovirus infections. Int J Dermatol. 2012 Sep;51(9):1037-43.
24. Report of an International Commission. Ebola haemorrhagic fever in Zaire, 1976. Bull World Health Organ. 1978;56(2):271-93.
25. Peterson AT, Bauer JT, Mills JN. Ecologic and geographic distribution of filovirus disease. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Jan;10(1):40-7.
26. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Advanced molecular detection and Liberian Ebola. Mar 2019 [internet publication].
27. Ansumana R, Jacobsen KH, Idris M, et al. Ebola in Freetown area, Sierra Leone - a case study of 581 patients. N Engl J Med. 2015 Feb 5;372(6):587-8.
28. New York Times. How many Ebola patients have been treated outside of Africa? January 2015 [internet publication].
29. World Health Organization. Disease outbreak news. Ebola disease caused by Sudan ebolavirus – Uganda. January 2023 [internet publication].
30. World Health Organization. Disease outbreak news: Ebola virus disease - Democratic Republic of the Congo. Aug 2022 [internet publication].
31. World Health Organization. Ebola virus disease - Democratic Republic of the Congo. Jul 2022 [internet publication].
32. World Health Organization. Disease outbreak news. Ebola virus disease – Democratic Republic of the Congo. Dec 2021 [internet publication].
33. World Health Organization. Disease outbreak news. Ebola virus disease – Guinea. Jun 2021 [internet publication].
34. World Health Organization. Disease Outbreak News. Ebola - Democratic Republic of the Congo. May 2021 [internet publication].
35. World Health Organization. Disease outbreak news: Ebola virus disease - Democratic Republic of the Congo. Nov 2020 [internet publication].
36. World Health Organization. Ebola health update: north Kivu/Ituri, DRC, 2018-2020. Jul 2020 [internet publication].
37. World Health Organization. WHO recommended criteria for declaring the end of the Ebola virus disease. Mar 2020 [internet publication].
38. Peters CJ, LeDuc JW. An introduction to Ebola: the virus and the disease. J Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;179 Suppl 1:ix-xvi.
39. Swanepoel R, Leman PA, Burt FJ, et al. Experimental inoculation of plants and animals with Ebola virus. Emerg Infect Dis. Oct-Dec 1996;2(4):321-5.
40. Reiter P, Turell M, Coleman R, et al. Field investigations of an outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995: arthropod studies. J Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;179 Suppl 1:S148-54.
41. Pigott DM, Golding N, Mylne A, et al. Mapping the zoonotic niche of Ebola virus disease in Africa. Elife. 2014 Sep 8;3:e04395.
42. Dowell SF, Mukunu R, Ksiazek TG, et al. Transmission of Ebola hemorrhagic fever: a study of risk factors in family members, Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995. Commission de Lutte contre les Epidémies à Kikwit. J Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;179 Suppl 1:S87-91.
43. Bausch DG, Towner JS, Dowell SF, et al. Assessment of the risk of Ebola virus transmission from bodily fluids and fomites. J Infect Dis. 2007 Nov 15;196 Suppl 2:S142-7.
44. Osterholm MT, Moore KA, Kelley NS, et al. Transmission of Ebola viruses: what we know and what we do not know. MBio. 2015 Feb 19;6(2):e00137.
45. Kreuels B, Wichmann D, Emmerich P, et al. A case of severe Ebola virus infection complicated by gram-negative septicemia. N Engl J Med. 2014 Dec 18;371(25):2394-401.
46. World Health Organization. Sierra Leone: a traditional healer and a funeral. 2015 [internet publication].
47. Lau MS, Dalziel BD, Funk S, et al. Spatial and temporal dynamics of superspreading events in the 2014-2015 West Africa Ebola epidemic. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Feb 28;114(9):2337-42.
48. Emond RT, Evans B, Bowen ET, et al. A case of Ebola virus infection. Br Med J. 11977 Aug 27;2(6086):541-4.
49. Rowe AK, Bertolli J, Khan AS, et al. Clinical, virologic, and immunologic follow-up of convalescent Ebola hemorrhagic fever patients and their household contacts, Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Commission de Lutte contre les Epidémies à Kikwit. J Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;179 Suppl 1:S28-35.
50. World Health Organization. Clinical care for survivors of Ebola virus disease: interim guidance. April 2016 [internet publication].
51. Rogstad KE, Tunbridge A. Ebola virus as sexually transmitted infection. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2015 Feb;28(1):83-5.
52. Sonnenberg P, Field P. Sexual and mother-to-child transmission of Ebola virus in the post-convalescent period. Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Mar 15;60(6):974-5.
53. Mate SE, Kugelman JR, Nyenswah TG, et al. Molecular evidence of sexual transmission of Ebola virus. N Engl J Med. 2015 Dec 17;373(25):2448-54.
54. Crozier I. Ebola virus RNA in the semen of male survivors of Ebola virus disease: the uncertain gravitas of a privileged persistence. J Infect Dis. 2016 Nov 15;214(10):1467-9.
55. Thorson A, Formenty P, Lofthouse C, et al. Systematic review of the literature on viral persistence and sexual transmission from recovered Ebola survivors: evidence and recommendations. BMJ Open. 2016 Jan 7;6(1):e008859.
56. Rodriguez LL, De Roo A, Guimard Y, et al. Persistence and genetic stability of Ebola virus during the outbreak in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995. J Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;179 Suppl 1:S170-6.
57. Centers for Disearse Control and Prevention. Ebola (Ebola virus disease): transmission. Jan 2021 [internet publication].
58. Judson S, Prescott J, Munster V. Understanding Ebola virus transmission. Viruses. 2015 Feb 3;7(2):511-21.
59. Beeching NJ, Fletcher TE, Hill DR, et al. Travellers and viral haemorrhagic fevers: what are the risks? Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2010 Nov;36 Suppl 1:S26-35.
60. Carroll M, Matthews DA, Hiscox JA, et al. Temporal and spatial analysis of the 2014–2015 Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa. Nature. 2015 Aug 6;524(7563):97-101.
61. Gire SK, Goba A, Andersen KG, et al. Genomic surveillance elucidates Ebola virus origin and transmission during the 2014 outbreak. Science. 2014 Sep 12;345(6202):1369-72.
62. Sharma N, Cappell MS. Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations of Ebola virus infection. Dig Dis Sci. 2015 Sep;60(9):2590-603.
63. Ramanan P, Shabman RS, Brown CS, et al. Filoviral immune evasion mechanisms. Viruses. 2011 Sep;3(9):1634-49.
64. Ramanan P, Edwards MR, Shabman RS, et al. Structural basis for Marburg virus VP35-mediated immune evasion mechanisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 Dec 11;109(50):20661-6.
65. Ansari AA. Clinical features and pathobiology of Ebolavirus infection. J Autoimmun. 2014 Dec;55:1-9.
66. Martines RB, Ng DL, Greer PW, et al. Tissue and cellular tropism, pathology and pathogenesis of Ebola and Marburg viruses. J Pathol. 2015 Jan;235(2):153-74.
67. Falasca L, Agrati C, Petrosillo N, et al. Molecular mechanisms of Ebola virus pathogenesis: focus on cell death. Cell Death Differ. 2015 Aug;22(8):1250-9.
68. Fletcher T, Fowler RA, Beeching NJ. Understanding organ dysfunction in Ebola virus disease. Intensive Care Med. 2014 Dec;40(12):1936-9.
69. Sanchez A, Lukwiya M, Bausch D, et al. Analysis of human peripheral blood samples from fatal and nonfatal cases of Ebola (Sudan) hemorrhagic fever: cellular responses, virus load, and nitric oxide levels. J Virol. 2004 Oct;78(19):10370-7.
70. Rougeron V, Feldmann H, Grard G, et al. Ebola and Marburg haemorrhagic fever. J Clin Virol. 2015 Mar;64:111-9.
71. Zapata JC, Cox D, Salvato MS. The role of platelets in the pathogenesis of viral hemorrhagic fevers. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014 Jun 12;8(6):e2858.
72. Leroy EM, Baize S, Volchkov VE, et al. Human asymptomatic Ebola infection and strong inflammatory response. Lancet. 2000 Jun 24;355(9222):2210-5.
73. Ruibal P, Oestereich L, Lüdtke A, et al. Unique human immune signature of Ebola virus disease in Guinea. Nature. 2016 May 5;533(7601):100-4.
74. WHO Ebola Response Team. Ebola virus disease among children in West Africa. N Engl J Med. 2015 Mar 26;372(13):1274-7.
75. Nielsen CF, Kidd S, Sillah AR, et al. Improving burial practices and cemetery management during an Ebola virus disease epidemic - Sierra Leone, 2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Jan 16;64(1):20-7.
76. Georges-Courbot MC, Sanchez A, Lu CY, et al. Isolation and phylogenetic characterization of Ebola viruses causing different outbreaks in Gabon. Emerg Infect Dis. Jan-Mar 1997;3(1):59-62.
78. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ebola (Ebola virus disease): prevention and vaccine. Mar 2023 [internet publication].
79. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidance on personal protective equipment (PPE) to be used by healthcare workers during management of patients with confirmed Ebola or persons under investigation (PUIs) for Ebola who are clinically unstable or have bleeding, vomiting, or diarrhea in US healthcare settings, including procedures for donning and doffing PPE. Oct 2022 [internet publication].
80. Jacobs M, Aarons E, Bhagani S, et al. Post-exposure prophylaxis against Ebola virus disease with experimental antiviral agents: a case-series of health-care workers. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015 Nov;15(11):1300-4.
81. WHO: Ebola virus disease: vaccines
82. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Use of ebola vaccine: expansion ofrecommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices to include twoadditional populations - United States, 2021. Feb 2022 [internet publication].
83. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ebola Vaccine: Information about ERVEBO®. Feb 2023 [internet publication].
84. World Health Organization. Guidelines for the management of pregnant and breastfeeding women in the context of Ebola virus disease. 2020 [internet publication].
85. Conteh MA, Goldstein ST, Wurie HR, et al. Clinical surveillance and evaluation of suspected Ebola cases in a vaccine trial during an Ebola epidemic: the Sierra Leone trial to introduce a vaccine against Ebola. J Infect Dis. 2018 May 18;217(suppl_1):S33-S39.
86. Henao-Restrepo AM, Camacho A, Longini IM, et al. Efficacy and effectiveness of an rVSV-vectored vaccine in preventing Ebola virus disease: final results from the Guinea ring vaccination, open-label, cluster-randomised trial (Ebola Ça Suffit!). Lancet. 2017 Feb 4;389(10068):505-18.
87. World Health Organization. Second Ebola vaccine to complement “ring vaccination” given green light in DRC. September 2019 [internet publication].
88. Kennedy SB, Bolay F, Kieh M, et al. Phase 2 placebo-controlled trial of two vaccines to prevent Ebola in Liberia. N Engl J Med. 2017 Oct 12;377(15):1438-47.
89. Fletcher TE, Brooks TJ, Beeching NJ. Ebola and other viral haemorrhagic fevers. BMJ. 2014 Aug 11;349:g5079.
90. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Screening patients: ebola disease case definitions. Apr 2023 [internet publication].
91. World Health Organization. Infection prevention and control guideline for Ebola and Marburg disease. Aug 2023 [internet publication].
92. Mendelson M, Han PV, Vincent P, et al. Regional variation in travel-related illness acquired in Africa, March 1997-May 2011. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014 Apr;20(4):532-41.
93. Hunt L, Gupta-Wright A, Simms V, et al. Clinical presentation, biochemical, and haematological parameters and their association with outcome in patients with Ebola virus disease: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015 Nov;15(11):1292-9.
94. World Health Organization. Case definition recommendations for Ebola or Marburg virus diseases. August 2014 [internet publication].
95. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ebola virus disease (EVD): fact sheet. Oct 2018 [internet publication].
96. Rojek AM, Salam A, Ragotte RJ, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of patient data from the West Africa (2013-16) Ebola virus disease epidemic. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019 Nov;25(11):1307-14.
97. Glynn JR. Age-specific incidence of Ebola virus disease. Lancet. 2015 Aug 1;386(9992):432.
98. Mupere E, Kaducu OF, Yoti Z. Ebola haemorrhagic fever among hospitalised children and adolescents in northern Uganda: epidemiologic and clinical observations. Afr Health Sci. 2001 Dec;1(2):60-5.
99. Peacock G, Uyeki TM, Rasmussen SA. Ebola virus disease and children: what pediatric health care professionals need to know. JAMA Pediatr. 2014 Dec;168(12):1087-8.
100. Fitzgerald F, Naveed A, Wing K, et al. Ebola virus disease in children, Sierra Leone, 2014-2015. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016 Oct;22(10):1769-77.
101. Shah T, Greig J, van der Plas LM, et al. Inpatient signs and symptoms and factors associated with death in children aged 5 years and younger admitted to two Ebola management centres in Sierra Leone, 2014: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet Glob Health. 2016 Jul;4(7):e495-501.
102. Dananché C, Bénet T, Vanhems P. Ebola: fever definitions might delay detection in non-epidemic areas. Lancet. 2014 Dec;168(12):1087-8.
103. Lado M, Howlett P. Ebola virus disease in children: towards a better clinical picture and improved management. Lancet Glob Health. 2016 Jul;4(7):e436-7.
104. Lópaz MA, Amela C, Ordobas M, et al; Working group of Ebola outbreak investigation team of Madrid. First secondary case of Ebola outside Africa: epidemiological characteristics and contact monitoring, Spain, September to November 2014. Euro Surveill. 2015 Jan 8;20(1):21003.
105. Lyon GM, Mehta AK, Varkey JB, et al; Emory Serious Communicable Diseases Unit. Clinical care of two patients with Ebola virus disease in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2014 Dec 18;371(25):2402-9.
106. World Health Organization. Exit screening at airports, ports and land crossings: interim guidance for Ebola virus disease. November 2014 [internet publication].
107. Petrosillo N, Nicastri E, Lanini S, et al. Ebola virus disease complicated with viral interstitial pneumonia: a case report. BMC Infect Dis. 2015 Oct 16;15:432.
108. World Health Organization. Laboratory diagnosis of Ebola virus disease: interim guidance. September 2014 [internet publication].
109. Cherpillod P, Schibler M, Vieille G, et al. Ebola virus disease diagnosis by real-time RT-PCR: a comparative study of 11 different procedures. J Clin Virol. 2016 Apr;77:9-14.
110. Towner JS, Rollin PE, Bausch DG, et al. Rapid diagnosis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever by reverse transcription-PCR in an outbreak setting and assessment of patient viral load as a predictor of outcome. J Virol. 2004 Apr;78(8):4330-41.
111. Boggild AK, Esposito DH, Kozarsky PE, et al. Differential diagnosis of illness in travelers arriving from Sierra Leone, Liberia, or Guinea: a cross-sectional study from the GeoSentinel Surveillance Network. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Jun 2;162(11):757-64.
112. McElroy AK, Erickson BR, Flietstra TD, et al. Biomarker correlates of survival in pediatric patients with ebola virus disease. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014 Oct;20(10):1683-90.
113. Fowler RA, Fletcher T, Fischer WA 2nd, et al. Caring for critically ill patients with Ebola virus disease. Perspectives from West Africa. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014 Oct 1;190(7):733-7.
114. Rollin PE, Bausch DG, Sanchez A. Blood chemistry measurements and D-Dimer levels associated with fatal and nonfatal outcomes in humans infected with Sudan Ebola virus. J Infect Dis. 2007 Nov 15;196 Suppl 2:S364-71.
115. Dickson SJ, Clay KA, Adam M, et al. Enhanced case management can be delivered for patients with EVD in Africa: experience from a UK military Ebola treatment centre in Sierra Leone. J Infect. 2018 Apr;76(4):383-92.
116. Lamb L, Robson J, Ardley C, et al. Bacterial co-infection is rare in patients with Ebola virus disease in a military Ebola virus disease treatment unit in Sierra Leone. J Infect. 2015 Sep;71(3):406-7.
117. Auffermann WF, Kraft CS, Vanairsdale S, et al. Radiographic imaging for patients with contagious infectious diseases: how to acquire chest radiographs of patients infected with the Ebola virus. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2015 Jan;204(1):44-8.
120. Hoenen T, Groseth A, Rosenke K, et al. Nanopore sequencing as a rapidly deployable ebola outbreak tool. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016 Feb;22(2):331-4.
121. Tsang MK, Ye W, Wang G, et al. Ultrasensitive detection of ebola virus oligonucleotide based on upconversion nanoprobe/nanoporous membrane system. ACS Nano. 2016 Jan 26;10(1):598-605.
122. Quick J, Loman NJ, Duraffour S, et al. Real-time, portable genome sequencing for Ebola surveillance. Nature. 2016 Feb 11;530(7589):228-32
123. Semper AE, Broadhurst MJ, Richards J, et al. Performance of the GeneXpert Ebola assay for diagnosis of Ebola virus disease in Sierra Leone: a field evaluation study. PLoS Med. 2016 Mar 29;13(3):e1001980.
124. Moshirfar M, Fenzl CR, Li Z. What we know about ocular manifestations of Ebola. Clin Ophthalmol. 2014 Nov 21;8:2355-7.
125. Lado M, Walker N, Baker P, et al. Clinical features of patients isolated for suspected Ebola virus disease at Connaught Hospital, Freetown, Sierra Leone: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2015 Sep;15(9):1024-33.
126. Food and Drug Administration. FDA authorizes emergency use of first Ebola fingerstick test with portable reader. November 2018 [internet publication].
127. Food and Drug Administration. FDA allows marketing of first rapid diagnostic test for detecting Ebola virus antigens. October 2019 [internet publication].
128. Hensley LE, Wahl-Jensen V, McCormick JB, et al. Viral hemorrhagic fevers. In: Cohen J, Powderly W, Opal S, eds. Infectious Diseases. 3rd ed. Maryland Heights, MO: Mosby; 2010:1231-7.
129. Hartskeerl RA, Collares-Pereira M, Ellis WA. Emergence, control and re-emerging leptospirosis: dynamics of infection in the changing world. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011 Apr;17(4):494-501.
130. Wolf T, Kann G, Becker S, et al. Severe Ebola virus disease with vascular leakage and multiorgan failure: treatment of a patient in intensive care. Lancet. 2015 Apr 11;385(9976):1428-35.
131. Parra JM, Salmerón OJ, Velasco M. The first case of Ebola virus disease acquired outside Africa. N Engl J Med. 2014 Dec 18;371(25):2439-40.
132. Uyeki TM, Mehta AK, Davey RT Jr, et al. Clinical management of Ebola virus disease in the United States and Europe. N Engl J Med. 2016 Feb 18;374(7):636-46.
133. Zacharowski K, Brodt HR, Wolf T. Medical treatment of an Ebola-infected doctor -ethics over costs? Lancet. 2015 Feb 21;385(9969):685.
134. Solano T, Gilbert GL, Kerridge IH, et al. Ethical considerations in the management of Ebola virus disease. Med J Aust. 2015 Aug 17;203(4):193-5e.1.
135. Jacobs M, Beadsworth M, Schmid M, et al. Provision of care for Ebola. Lancet. 2014 Dec 13;384(9960):2105-6.
136. Decker BK, Sevransky JE, Barrett K, et al. Preparing for critical care services to patients with ebola. Ann Intern Med. 2014 Dec 2;161(11):831-2.
137. Canadian Critical Care Society; Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians; Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases of Canada. Ebola clinical care guidelines: a guide for clinicians in Canada. October 2014 [internet publication].
138. Rees PS, Lamb LE, Nicholson-Roberts TC, et al. Safety and feasibility of a strategy of early central venous catheter insertion in a deployed UK military Ebola virus disease treatment unit. Intensive Care Med. 22015 May;41(5):735-43.
139. World Health Organization. Optimized supportive care for Ebola virus disease. July 2019 [internet publication].
140. Lamontagne F, Fowler RA, Adhikari NK, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for supportive care of patients with Ebola virus disease. Lancet. 2018 Feb 17;391(10121):700-8.
141. Perner A, Fowler R, Bellomo R, et al. Ebola care and research protocols. Intensive Care Med. 2015 Jan;41(1):111-4.
142. Roberts I, Perner A. Ebola virus disease: clinical care and patient-centred research. Lancet. 2014 Dec 6;384(9959):2001-2.
143. Clay KA, Johnston AM, Moore A, et al. Targeted electrolyte replacement in patients with Ebola virus disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2015 Sep 15;61(6):1030-1.
144. World Health Organization. Manual for the care and management of patients in Ebola care units/community care centres: interim emergency guidance. January 2015 [internet publication].
145. Kendall RE, Gosser RA, Schulz LT, et al. Anti-diarrheal medication use in the treatment of Ebola virus-induced diarrhea. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2015 Mar-Apr;13(2):205-6.
146. Chertow DS, Uyeki TM, DuPont HL. Loperamide therapy for voluminous diarrhea in Ebola virus disease. J Infect Dis. 2015 Apr 1;211(7):1036-7.
147. World Health Organization. Clinical management of patients with viral haemorrhagic fever: a pocket guide for the front-line health worker. Feb 2016 [internet publication].
148. Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Crit Care Med. 2021 Nov 1;49(11): e1063-e1143.
149. Wada H, Thachil J, Di Nisio M, et al. Guidance for diagnosis and treatment of DIC from harmonization of the recommendations from three guidelines. J Thromb Haemost. 2013 Feb 4;11(4):761-7.
150. Warren T, Jordan R, Lo M, et al. Nucleotide prodrug GS-5734 is a broad-spectrum Filovirus inhibitor that provides complete therapeutic protection against the development of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in infected non-human primates. Late breaker abstract 2. Presented at IDWeek. San Diego, 2015.
151. Connor MJ Jr, Kraft C, Mehta AK, et al. Successful delivery of RRT in Ebola virus disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2015 Jan;26(1):31-7.
152. World Health Organization. Interim guidance: potential Ebola therapies and vaccines. Nov 2014 [internet publication].
153. Kreil TR. Treatment of Ebola virus infection with antibodies from reconvalescent donors. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015 Mar;21(3):521-3.
154. Gutfraind A, Myers LA. Evaluating large-scale blood transfusion therapy for the current Ebola epidemic in Liberia. J Infect Dis. 22015 Apr 15;211(8):1262-7.
155. van Griensven J, Edwards T, de Lamballerie X, et al. Evaluation of convalescent plasma for Ebola virus disease in Guinea. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jan 7;374(1):33-42.
156. van Griensven J, De Weiggheleire A, Delamou A, et al. The use of Ebola convalescent plasma to treat Ebola virus disease in resource-constrained settings: a perspective from the field. Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Jan 1;62(1):69-74.
157. World Health Organization. Therapeutics for Ebola virus disease - Democratic Republic of the Congo. Aug 2022 [internet publication].
158. Mulangu S, Dodd LE, Davey RT Jr, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of Ebola virus disease therapeutics. N Engl J Med. 2019 Dec 12;381(24):2293-303.
159. Foeller ME, Carvalho Ribeiro do Valle C, Foeller TM, et al. Pregnancy and breastfeeding in the context of Ebola: a systematic review. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Jul;20(7):e149-58.
160. Mupapa K, Mukundu W, Bwaka MA, et al. Ebola hemorrhagic fever and pregnancy. J Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;179 Suppl 1:S11-2.
161. Baggi FM, Taybi A, Kurth A, et al. Management of pregnant women infected with Ebola virus in a treatment centre in Guinea, June 2014. Euro Surveill. 2014 Dec 11;19(49):20983.
162. Jamieson DJ, Uyeki TM, Callaghan WM, et al. What obstetrician-gynecologists should know about Ebola: a perspective from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Nov;124(5):1005-10.
163. Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses. Ebola: caring for pregnant and postpartum women and newborns in the United States: AWHONN practice brief number 3. J Obstet Gynecol Neonat Nurs. 2015 Jan-Feb;44(1):164-5
164. Kitching A, Walsh A, Morgan D. Ebola in pregnancy: risk and clinical outcomes. BJOG. 2015 Feb;122(3):287.
165. Olupot-Olupot P. Ebola in children: epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and outcomes. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015 Mar;34(3):314-6.
166. Herberg JA, Emonts M, Jacobs M, et al. UK preparedness for children with Ebola infection. Arch Dis Child. 2015 May;100(5):421-3.
167. Eriksson CO, Uyeki TM, Christian MD, et al. Care of the child with Ebola virus disease. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2015 Feb;16(2):97-103.
168. Bishop BM. Potential and emerging treatment options for Ebola virus disease. Ann Pharmacother. 2015 Feb;49(2):196-206.
169. Goodman JL. Studying "secret serums": toward safe, effective Ebola treatments. N Engl J Med. 2014 Sep 18;371(12):1086-9.
170. Zhang Y, Li D, Jin X, et al. Fighting Ebola with ZMapp: spotlight on plant-made antibody. Sci China Life Sci. 2014 Oct;57(10):987-8.
171. Qiu X, Wong G, Audet J, et al. Reversion of advanced Ebola virus disease in nonhuman primates with ZMapp. Nature. 2014 Oct 2;514(7520):47-53.
172. Furuta Y, Takahashi K, Shiraki K, et al. T-705 (favipiravir) and related compounds: novel broad-spectrum inhibitors of RNA viral infections. Antiviral Res. 2009 Jun;82(3):95-102.
173. Sissoko D, Laouenan C, Folkesson E, et al. Experimental treatment with favipiravir for Ebola virus disease (the JIKI trial): a historically controlled, single-arm proof-of-concept trial in Guinea. PLoS Med. 2016 Mar 1;13(3):e1001967.
174. WHO Ebola Response Team. Ebola virus disease among male and female persons in West Africa. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jan 7;374(1):96-8.
175. Sadek RF, Khan AS, Stevens G, et al. Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995: determinants of survival. J Infect Dis. 1999 Feb;179 Suppl 1:S24-7.
176. Lauck M, Bailey AL, Andersen KG, et al. GB virus C co-infections in West African Ebola patients. J Virol. 2015 Feb;89(4):2425-9.
177. Deen GF, Broutet N, Xu W, et al. Ebola RNA persistence in semen of Ebola virus disease survivors - final report. N Engl J Med. 2017 Oct 12;377(15):1428-37.
178. Soka MJ, Choi MJ, Baller A, et al. Prevention of sexual transmission of Ebola in Liberia through a national semen testing and counselling programme for survivors: an analysis of Ebola virus RNA results and behavioural data. Lancet Glob Health. 2016 Oct;4(10):e736-43.
179. Etard JF, Sow MS, Leroy S, et al; Postebogui Study Group. Multidisciplinary assessment of post-Ebola sequelae in Guinea (Postebogui): an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017 May;17(5):545-52.
180. PREVAIL III Study Group, Sneller MC, Reilly C, et al. A longitudinal study of Ebola sequelae in Liberia. N Engl J Med. 2019 Mar 7;380(10):924-34.
181. Chughtai AA, Barnes M, Macintyre CR. Persistence of Ebola virus in various body fluids during convalescence: evidence and implications for disease transmission and control. Epidemiol Infect. 2016 Jun;144(8):1652-60.
182. Mattia JG, Vandy MJ, Chang JC, et al. Early clinical sequelae of Ebola virus disease in Sierra Leone: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016 Mar;16(3):331-8.
183. Scott JT, Sesay FR, Massaquoi TA, et al. Post-Ebola syndrome, Sierra Leone. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016 Apr;22(4):641-6.
184. Tiffany A, Vetter P, Mattia J, et al. Ebola virus disease complications as experienced by survivors in Sierra Leone. Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Jun 1;62(11):1360-6.
185. PREVAIL III Study Group, Sneller MC, Reilly C, et al. A longitudinal study of Ebola sequelae in Liberia. N Engl J Med. 2019 Mar 7;380(10):924-34.
186. Shantha JG, Yeh S, Nguyen QD. Ebola virus disease and the eye. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2016 Nov;27(6):538-44.
187. Shantha JG, Crozier I, Hayek BR, et al. Ophthalmic manifestations and causes of vision impairment in Ebola virus disease survivors in Monrovia, Liberia. Ophthalmology. 2017 Feb;124(2):170-7.
188. Varkey JB, Shanth JG, Crozier I, et al. Persistence of Ebola virus in ocular fluid during convalescence. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jun 18;372(25):2423-7.
189. Chancellor JR, Padmanabhan SP, Greenough TC, et al. Uveitis and systemic inflammatory markers in convalescent phase of Ebola virus disease. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016 Feb;22(2):295-7.
190. Steptoe PJ, Scott JT, Baxter JM, et al. Novel retinal lesion in Ebola survivors, Sierra Leone, 2016. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017 Jul;23(7):1102-9.
191. Thom R, Tipton T, Strecker T, et al. Longitudinal antibody and T cell responses in Ebola virus disease survivors and contacts: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Oct 13;S1473-3099(20)30736-2.
192. Jacobs M, Rodger A, Bell DJ, et al. Late Ebola virus relapse causing meningoencephalitis: a case report. Lancet. 2016 Jul 30;388(10043):498-503.
193. Howlett P, Brown C, Helderman T, et al. Ebola virus disease complicated by late-onset encephalitis and polyarthritis, Sierra Leone. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016 Jan;22(1):150-2.
194. Dokubo EK, Wendland A, Mate SE, et al. Persistence of Ebola virus after the end of widespread transmission in Liberia: an outbreak report. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018 Sep;18(9):1015-24.
195. Locsin RC, Barnard A, Matua AG, et al. Surviving Ebola: understanding experience through artistic expression. Int Nurs Rev. 2003 Sep;50(3):156-66.
196. De Roo A, Ado B, Rose B, et al. Survey among survivors of the 1995 Ebola epidemic in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of Congo: their feelings and experiences. Trop Med Int Health. 1998 Nov;3(11):883-5.
197. Cénat JM, Felix N, Blais-Rochette C, et al. Prevalence of mental health problems in populations affected by the Ebola virus disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res. 2020 Apr 29;289:113033.
198. James PB, Wardle J, Steel A, et al. Post-Ebola psychosocial experiences and coping mechanisms among Ebola survivors: a systematic review. Trop Med Int Health. 2019 Jun;24(6):671-91.
199. World Health Organization. Use of convalescent whole blood or plasma collected from patients recovered from Ebola virus disease for transfusion, as an empirical treatment during outbreaks. September 2014 [internet publication].
200. Wong KK, Davey RT Jr, Hewlett AL, et al. Use of post-exposure prophylaxis after occupational exposure to Zaire ebolavirus. Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Aug 1;63(3):376-9.
201. Fischer WA Nd, Vetter P, Bausch DG, et al. Ebola virus disease: an update on post-exposure prophylaxis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017 Nov 15. pii: S1473-3099(17)30677-1.
内容使用需遵循免责声明。
